Search results for "economic systems"
showing 8 items of 8 documents
Mitigating forest biodiversity and ecosystem service losses in the era of bio-based economy
2018
Abstract Forests play a crucial role in the transition towards a bioeconomy by providing biomass to substitute for fossil-based materials and energy. However, a policy-policy conflict exists between the desire to increase the utilization of bio based renewable resources and the desire to protect and conserve biodiversity. Increasing forest harvest levels to meet the needs of the bioeconomy may conflict with biodiversity protection and ecosystem services provided by forests. Through an optimization framework, we examined trade-offs between increasing the extraction of timber resources, and the impacts on biodiversity and non-wood ecosystem services, and investigated possibilities to reconcil…
Coupling News Sentiment with Web Browsing Data Improves Prediction of Intra-Day Price Dynamics
2015
The new digital revolution of big data is deeply changing our capability of understanding society and forecasting the outcome of many social and economic systems. Unfortunately, information can be very heterogeneous in the importance, relevance, and surprise it conveys, affecting severely the predictive power of semantic and statistical methods. Here we show that the aggregation of web users' behavior can be elicited to overcome this problem in a hard to predict complex system, namely the financial market. Specifically, our in-sample analysis shows that the combined use of sentiment analysis of news and browsing activity of users of Yahoo! Finance greatly helps forecasting intra-day and dai…
Reforms and decentralization: friends or foes
2013
Systemic concerns about markets, capitalism and the role of the state in the economy are salient again. Relatively large-scale reforms of economic and social arrangements are seriously considered. Historical experience suggests that reforms of that kind are sometimes associated with important changes in institutional arrangements pertaining to political decentralization. To explore the relationship between economic reforms and decentralization, the paper argues that a reform has two dimensions. It is a process and it is a design. The organization of the paper is inspired by that distinction. For economists, it seems natural to reason in terms of design -- that is, to perceive reform as the …
Urban segregation and unemployment: A case study of the urban area of Marseille – Aix-en-Provence (France)
2018
International audience; In this paper, we study the effects of the spatial organization of the urban area of Marseille – Aix-en-Provence on unemployment there. More specifically, differences in the characteristics of the residential population induce urban stratification with the result that urban structure may affect the probability of employment. In order to evaluate the effects of spatial structure on unemployment, we implement a spatial probit model to reveal the employment probabilities of young adults still living with their parents. Our results support the hypothesis that living in or near a deprived neighborhood decreases the probability of employment.
The Influence of Business Ecosystems on Innovation-Based Industries: A Research on the Mechanical Sector in Italy
2018
The business ecosystem perspective can be considered as a more advanced point of view for interpreting the development of local economic systems, if compared to more traditional concepts such as clusters, industrial districts, local or regional systems, and local networks. The business ecosystem perspective allows to better highlight the adaptive and evolutionary nature of local systems in front of the changing external environment and dynamics on national and international markets. The aim of the research was to analyze the key characteristics of firms belonging to a local business ecosystem specialized on an innovation-driven industry – the mechanical sector – in order to verify which kin…
Emballage, logistique et économie circulaire : prémices d'un nouveau packaging scorecard
2017
International audience; – Dans les systèmes de production comme de commercialisation et de consommation actuels, l'emballage est omniprésent. Ses fonctions sont multiples. Elles concernent autant la qualité des produits qu'il contient, leur mise en valeur par ses aspects marketing, que la logistique via les activités de manutention, de stockage et de transport qu'il permet. Partenaire indispensable des différents acteurs (fournisseurs, industriels, prestataires de services logistiques, transporteurs, grossistes, détaillants, consommateurs) au sein des chaînes logistiques, il a donné lieu, depuis les années 2000, à l'élaboration de packaging scorecards. Cependant, face au changement de parad…
Análisis de la evolución del Estado de Bienestar como elemento necesario para el desarrollo de la Economía Social y nexo para la implementación de ec…
2022
La crisis financiera que tuvo lugar en 2008 puso al descubierto la fragilidad y eficiencias del sistema económico mundial y, en particular, de la tendencia a capitalizar los aspectos sociales de una economía. La crítica al capitalismo, como el sistema imperante, es extensa y prolongada; sin embargo, la búsqueda de modelos económicos alternativos se ha intensificado. La Economía Social y Solidaria, como elemento socializador de la economía de capital o como un punto de partida hacia un modelo más socialmente responsable, ha surgido como una alternativa responsable, viable y científicamente respalda. Aun así, este concepto requiere de mecanismos de distribución que permitan a los actores econ…
Sir Thomas More's Utopia : An overlooked economic classic
2019
Sir Thomas More's Utopia, published in 1516, is a classic work of how to organise a society based on common property. With a unique mix of common property, institutions and sound economic insights, we argue that More built a framework for a society that could be viable in the long run. While the conditions that make Utopia work are quite restrictive, it does provide a sketch of a society where common property may not stifle long‐term development, but is associated with productive workers and people content with their lives.